FRAMING OF THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION
The Constitution of India is the Best constitution in the world. It was formulated by drafting committee headed by Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, and approved by the assembly chaired by Dr. Rajendra Prasad.
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The constitute Assembly first meeting was held on December 9, 1946.
The constitution prepare took 2 years, 11 months and 18 days for the constituent assembly
finalise the constitution. The spirit of constituent assembly were, Jawaharlal Nehru, Dr.
Rajendra Prasad and Sardar Vallaba Bhai Patel. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar assisted by eminent jurists
like, Alladi Krishna Swami Ayyar, N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar, K. M. Munshi and T. T.
Krishnamachari. The constituent assembly approved by the Draft commission on November
26, 1949. Finally the constitution was inaugurated on January 26, 1950. The draft constitution
had 315 Articles and 13 schedules. But the final form has 395 Articles and 8 schedules. All
most all the Noble features of the world constitutions have been incorporated in it. Most of
provisions of Indian constitution were drawn from the govt. of India act, 1935. Indian
constitution are described as ‘Elephant’ one.
1. Rajendra Prasad was elected its Permanent Chairman on 11.12.1946.
2. The Draft Constitution was published in January, 1948. The people of India were given
8 months to discuss the draft and propose amendments. As many as 7,635 amendments
were proposed and 2,473 were actually discussed.
3. The Constituent Assembly held 11 sessions.
4. The Draft Constitution was considered for 114 days. In all the Constitutional Assembly
sat for 2 years, 11 months and 18 days.
5. The New Constitution of India was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26th
November, 1949 and was signed by the President, Dr. Rajendra Prasad. 15 Articles
(5,6,7,8,9,60,324,366,367,372, 380, 388, 391,392 and 393) came into force at once.
6. The remaining provisions of the Constitution came into force on 26th January, 1950
which is the date of the commencement of the Constitution.
7. On January 26, 1950, the Indian Government also adopted Sarnath, the Lion Capital of
Ashoka with the wheel, bull, and horse as the national emblem of India.
8. The design of the National Flag was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on
22 July 1947.
9. The national calendar based on the Saka Era, with Chaitra as its first month and a
normal year of 365 days was adopted from 22nd March 1957.
National Anthem “Jana-gana-mana”, composed originally in Bengali by Rabindranath
Tagore, was adopted in its Hindi version by the Constituent Assembly as the National Anthem
of India on 24th January 1950. It was first sung on 27th December 1911 at the Calcutta Session
of the Indian National Congress.
SOURCES OF INDIAN CONSTITUTION
The Constitution of India was formulated on the basis of various Experiences. Almost
All the Noble features of the world constitutions have been incorporated it. The major external
source was the British Constitution.
1.The Indian constitution is influenced by the United Kingdom for nearly three centuries.
The parliamentary form of government, the ideal of Rule of law, the Law making
procedure and Single Citizenship can be traced to the United king dom.
2.The Republican form of government, Fundamental rights and Independent judiciary
can be traced to the United States of America.
3.The Directive principles of state policy, contained in Part IV of the constitution, are
borrowed from the constitution of Irish.
4.The concepts of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity as are found in the preamble of the
constitution were inspired by French constitution.
5.The Quasi federal form of government and the idea of Residual powers were taken from
the Canadian constitution.
6.The Emergency powers are to be traced to the Weimer constitution of Germany.
A strong central government with relatively weak state governments, the division of powers in
to three lists, protection of Minorities etc., is some of the features borrowed from the 1935 government of India.
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